The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs that remove urea and other waste products from the blood. In addition, they regu late the chemical composition of [...]
The act of swallowing is divided into three stages.
The first stage is under voluntary control. The food which has been transformed into a soft, mass by [...]
The anatomical structures that play a central role in the res piratory system are located in the head and neck as well as the thorax.
Nasal cavities are [...]
Respiratory bronchioles are areas of transition (hybrids) between the conducting and respiratory portions of the airways. In addi tion to the typical [...]
The respiratory system permits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood by providing a thin cellular membrane deep in the lung [...]
The respiratory system is structurally and functionally adapt ed for the efficient transfer of gases between the ambient air and the bloodstream as well [...]
Veins are low-pressure vessels that have larger lumina and thinner walls than arteries. In general, veins have more collagenous connec ti-ve tissue and [...]
Capillaries are thin-walled, narrow-diameter, low-pressure vessels that generally permit easy diffusion across their walls. Most capillar ies have a [...]
Blood is considered a modified type of connective tissue. Mesoder-mal in origin, it is composed of cells and cell frag ments (erythrocytes, leukocytes, [...]